How to Grow Orchids on Mounts and Plaques
Growing orchids on mounts and plaques is a unique and visually appealing way to display these beautiful plants. This method mimics the natural growing conditions of many orchids, allowing their roots to be exposed to air and moisture. While growing orchids on mounts and plaques requires some specific care techniques, it can be a rewarding experience for orchid enthusiasts. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore how to grow orchids on mounts and plaques, including the benefits, materials needed, and step-by-step instructions for success.
Benefits of Growing Orchids on Mounts and Plaques
1. Natural Growth Environment
Growing orchids on mounts and plaques closely resembles their natural habitat, where they grow on trees and rocks. This method allows the roots to breathe and absorb moisture from the air. In their natural environments, many orchids are epiphytes, meaning they grow on other plants, and lithophytes, which grow on rocks. By mounting them, you replicate these conditions, promoting healthier and more vigorous growth.
2. Improved Air Circulation
Mounted orchids benefit from excellent air circulation around their roots, reducing the risk of root rot and fungal infections. Proper air flow is crucial for orchid health, as stagnant air can lead to mold and mildew. The exposure to fresh air helps the roots to dry out between waterings, preventing the common issue of overwatering seen in potted orchids.
3. Aesthetic Appeal
Orchids on mounts and plaques create a stunning display, showcasing the plant’s natural beauty and unique growth habits. This method allows for a more artistic presentation of the plants, making them a focal point in any indoor or outdoor garden. The exposed roots and cascading flowers create a natural, wild look that is both beautiful and intriguing.
4. Space Saving
Mounting orchids can save space in your indoor garden, as they can be hung on walls or placed on vertical surfaces. This is particularly beneficial for those with limited space, allowing for the cultivation of a larger number of plants in a compact area. Vertical gardening with orchids also adds dimension and interest to your garden design.
Choosing the Right Orchids for Mounting
Not all orchids are suitable for mounting. Some species thrive better in this environment than others. It is essential to select orchids that naturally grow as epiphytes or lithophytes, as they are more adapted to the conditions provided by mounting.
Ideal Orchid Species for Mounting
1. Phalaenopsis (Moth Orchid)
Features: Adaptable and easy to grow on mounts, Phalaenopsis orchids have thick roots that adhere well to various surfaces. They are known for their long-lasting, elegant blooms.
Care Tips: Provide bright, indirect light, and mist the roots regularly to maintain moisture. These orchids prefer intermediate temperatures and high humidity.
2. Dendrobium
Features: These orchids have strong, thick roots that make them ideal for mounting. They produce numerous flowers along the canes, offering a spectacular display.
Care Tips: Place in bright, indirect light and water frequently to keep the roots moist. They thrive in intermediate to warm temperatures and require a distinct drying period after flowering.
3. Cattleya
Features: Known for their large, fragrant flowers, Cattleyas have robust roots that do well on mounts. They are a favorite among orchid enthusiasts for their vibrant blooms.
Care Tips: Ensure bright light and mist the roots regularly to maintain humidity. Cattleyas prefer intermediate to bright light and moderate humidity.
4. Oncidium (Dancing Lady Orchid)
Features: These orchids have fine roots that can attach to mounts well. They produce sprays of small, colorful flowers, resembling dancing ladies.
Care Tips: Provide bright, indirect light and keep the roots moist with regular misting. Oncidiums prefer intermediate temperatures and good air circulation.
5. Vanda
Features: Vandas have extensive aerial roots that thrive on mounts. They produce vibrant, long-lasting flowers and are known for their stunning colors and patterns.
Care Tips: Provide bright light, high humidity, and frequent misting to keep the roots healthy. Vandas prefer warm temperatures and direct sunlight for several hours a day.
Materials Needed for Mounting Orchids
Before you begin mounting your orchids, gather the necessary materials to ensure a successful project.
1. Mounting Surface
Options: Choose a suitable surface such as cork bark, driftwood, tree fern plaques, or cedar shingles. Ensure the surface is clean and free of pests. Each material has its advantages:
- Cork Bark: Lightweight and easy to work with, providing excellent air circulation.
- Driftwood: Aesthetically pleasing and natural-looking, offering a sturdy base.
- Tree Fern Plaques: Retain moisture well, making them ideal for orchids that require high humidity.
- Cedar Shingles: Durable and resistant to decay, providing a long-lasting mount.
2. Mounting Medium
Options: Use sphagnum moss, coconut fiber, or a combination of both to provide moisture retention around the roots. Sphagnum moss is particularly effective in retaining moisture without staying too wet.
3. Fastening Materials
Options: Use fishing line, nylon thread, or plant ties to secure the orchid to the mount. Avoid using materials that can degrade or harm the plant, such as metal wires that may rust.
4. Scissors or Pruning Shears
Use: For trimming dead roots and cutting ties. Ensure these tools are sterilized to prevent the spread of diseases.
5. Spray Bottle
Use: For misting the roots and maintaining humidity. A fine mist is ideal for keeping the roots moist without overwatering.
Step-by-Step Guide to Mounting Orchids
Follow these steps to mount your orchids successfully:
1. Prepare the Orchid
Inspect Roots: Carefully remove the orchid from its pot and inspect the roots. Trim any dead or damaged roots using sterilized scissors or pruning shears. Healthy roots should be firm and white or green.
Soak Roots: Soak the roots in water for about 30 minutes to make them more pliable and easier to work with. This step helps in positioning the roots without causing damage.
2. Prepare the Mounting Surface
Clean Surface: Ensure the mounting surface is clean and free of pests. If using natural materials like driftwood or cork bark, you can soak them in water to remove any debris and sterilize them.
Attach Mounting Medium: Place a layer of sphagnum moss or coconut fiber on the mounting surface. This will help retain moisture around the orchid’s roots. Spread the medium evenly to provide a stable base.
3. Attach the Orchid
Position Orchid: Place the orchid on the mounting surface, arranging the roots over the moss or coconut fiber. Ensure the orchid is positioned securely and aesthetically pleasing.
Secure Roots: Use fishing line, nylon thread, or plant ties to secure the orchid to the mount. Wrap the ties around the roots and mount, ensuring the orchid is firmly attached but not too tight to restrict growth. Be gentle to avoid damaging the roots.
4. Final Adjustments
Trim Excess Ties: Trim any excess ties to keep the mount looking neat and tidy.
Mist Roots: Use a spray bottle to mist the roots and mounting medium thoroughly. This initial misting helps settle the orchid into its new home.
Caring for Mounted Orchids
Mounted orchids require specific care to ensure they thrive. Here are the essential care tips:
1. Watering
Frequency: Water mounted orchids more frequently than potted ones, as they dry out faster. Depending on the humidity and temperature, you may need to water daily or every few days. Monitor the roots to determine the ideal watering schedule.
Method: Use a spray bottle to mist the roots thoroughly. Ensure the roots are damp but not soaking wet. During hot, dry weather, you may need to mist more frequently. Watering in the morning allows the roots to dry by evening, reducing the risk of rot.
2. Humidity
Levels: Maintain high humidity levels, ideally between 50-70%. Use a humidifier or place humidity trays around the mounted orchids to increase humidity. High humidity is crucial for the health of mounted orchids.
Misting: Regularly mist the roots and surrounding area to maintain moisture. This helps to replicate the natural humid conditions of their native habitats.
3. Light
Type: Provide bright, indirect light. Avoid direct sunlight, which can scorch the leaves and roots. Each orchid species has specific light requirements, so adjust the light levels accordingly.
Placement: Hang mounted orchids near east or west-facing windows, where they receive filtered sunlight. Using sheer curtains can help diffuse the light.
4. Fertilizing
Type: Use a balanced, water-soluble orchid fertilizer (20-20-20). A balanced fertilizer provides essential nutrients for growth and blooming.
Frequency: Fertilize every two weeks during the growing season (spring and summer) and reduce feeding during the dormant period (fall and winter). Over-fertilization can harm the roots, so use a diluted solution.
Method: Dilute the fertilizer to half the recommended strength and apply it during regular misting. This ensures the roots absorb the nutrients efficiently.
5. Air Circulation
Importance: Ensure good air circulation around the mounted orchids to prevent fungal infections and promote healthy growth. Proper air movement helps to dry the roots between waterings.
Method: Use oscillating fans to keep the air moving around the orchids. Position the fans to create gentle airflow without directly blowing on the plants.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
1. Dry Roots
Cause: Insufficient watering or low humidity.
Solution: Increase the frequency of misting and use humidity trays or a humidifier to maintain higher humidity levels. Ensure consistent watering, especially during dry weather.
2. Root Rot
Cause: Overwatering or poor air circulation.
Solution: Ensure the roots dry out between waterings and improve air circulation with fans. If root rot occurs, trim affected roots and adjust watering practices.
3. Yellowing Leaves
Cause: Insufficient light, overwatering, or nutrient deficiencies.
Solution: Adjust the light exposure, ensure proper watering, and fertilize regularly. Yellow leaves may also indicate natural aging of older leaves.
4. Pest Infestations
Cause: Insects such as aphids, spider mites, or mealybugs.
Solution: Inspect the orchids regularly and use natural pest control methods like neem oil or insecticidal soap to treat infestations. Quarantine new plants to prevent the spread of pests.
Displaying Mounted Orchids
Mounted orchids can be displayed in various creative ways to enhance the beauty of your indoor garden:
1. Wall Displays
Method: Hang mounted orchids on walls using hooks or brackets. Arrange them in clusters for a stunning visual impact. Wall displays save space and create an attractive vertical garden.
2. Vertical Gardens
Method: Create a vertical garden by mounting multiple orchids on a large piece of driftwood or a vertical frame. This creates a lush, green wall of orchids, adding a natural element to your decor.
3. Hanging Displays
Method: Suspend mounted orchids from the ceiling using decorative hangers or macramé plant hangers. This creates a floating garden effect, adding an ethereal quality to your space.
4. Terrariums
Method: Place mounted orchids inside glass terrariums or display cases. This provides a controlled environment with high humidity, ideal for orchids that require specific growing conditions.
Conclusion
Growing orchids on mounts and plaques is a rewarding way to showcase these beautiful plants in a natural and artistic manner. By selecting the right orchid species, preparing the mounting surface, and providing proper care, you can enjoy healthy and thriving mounted orchids. Remember, each orchid species has unique requirements, so it’s essential to research and understand the specific needs of your plants. With patience and dedication, you can create a stunning display of mounted orchids that will enhance the beauty of your indoor garden.
Additional Tips and Advanced Techniques
Advanced Mounting Techniques
For experienced orchid growers, experimenting with different mounting techniques can enhance the display and health of your orchids.
Using Multiple Orchids on One Mount
Mounting multiple orchids on a single piece of driftwood or cork bark can create a miniature orchid ecosystem. Choose compatible species that have similar light and humidity requirements. Arrange the orchids so that their growth habits complement each other, creating a balanced and aesthetically pleasing display.
Creating a Self-Sustaining Environment
Incorporate moss and other epiphytic plants around the orchids to create a self-sustaining environment. These additional plants can help retain moisture and provide a more natural look. Over time, this mini-ecosystem can become a thriving, low-maintenance display.
Incorporating Natural Elements
Enhance the natural appearance of your mounted orchids by incorporating elements such as lichens, small branches, and decorative stones. These additions not only improve the aesthetics but also mimic the orchids’ natural habitat, providing additional benefits like moisture retention and improved air circulation.
Long-Term Care and Maintenance
Seasonal Care Adjustments
Adjust your care routine according to the seasons to ensure your mounted orchids thrive year-round. During the growing season (spring and summer), increase watering and fertilizing frequency. In the dormant season (fall and winter), reduce watering and allow the orchids to rest.
Repotting and Mounting Adjustments
Over time, mounted orchids may outgrow their mounts or require re-mounting. Signs that an orchid needs re-mounting include overgrown roots, decreased flowering, or deterioration of the mounting material. Carefully remove the orchid, trim any dead or damaged roots, and re-mount it on a new surface, following the initial mounting steps.
Monitoring for Pests and Diseases
Regularly inspect your mounted orchids for signs of pests and diseases. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment. Use natural or chemical treatments as necessary, and isolate affected plants to prevent the spread of issues.
Conclusion
Mounting orchids offers a unique and rewarding way to grow and display these fascinating plants. By understanding the specific needs of mounted orchids and providing the appropriate care, you can create a beautiful and thriving orchid display. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced orchid grower, the techniques and tips provided in this guide will help you succeed in growing orchids on mounts and plaques.
Happy growing!
